USB A is regular PC connector, with a USB 1/2/3 variants.  I.e. Standard PC-side
Micro USB A is like Micro USB B but with rectangular inside.  (I never seen)
USB B is  the barn-shaped printer type
USB Mini B (5-pin)  seems to be old-fashioned larger device-side beveled
    (6-pin variant is barn-shaped).  (I never seen)
Micro USB B  seems to be tiny device or cellphone-side
USB C is like on modern laptops that can handle power and video.  Fancy PC-side